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Value, text and date within circle. Alexander II, Czar of All the Russias. Alexander II Russian: II , tr. Aleksandr II Nikolayevich, IPA: [lksandr ftroj nklajvt]; 29 April 1818 13 March 1881[1] was the Emperor of Russia from 2 March 1855 until his assassination on 13 March 1881. He was also the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Finland. [2] Alexander's most significant reform as Emperor was emancipation of Russia's serfs in 1861, for which he is known as Alexander the Liberator Russian: , tr.Aleksandr Osvoboditel, IPA: [lksandr svbditl]. The tsar was responsible for other reforms, including reorganising the judicial system, setting up elected local judges, abolishing corporal punishment, [3] promoting local self-government through the zemstvo system, imposing universal military service, ending some privileges of the nobility, and promoting university education.
After an assassination attempt in 1866, Alexander adopted a somewhat more reactionary stance until his death. [5] He sought peace, moved away from bellicose France when Napoleon III fell in 1871, and in 1872 joined with Germany and Austria in the League of the Three Emperors that stabilized the European situation.
Despite his otherwise pacifist foreign policy, he fought a brief war with the Ottoman Empire in 187778, pursued further expansion into Siberia and the Caucasus, and conquered Turkestan. Although disappointed by the results of the Congress of Berlin in 1878, Alexander abided by that agreement. Among his greatest domestic challenges was an uprising in Poland in 1863, to which he responded by stripping that land of its separate constitution and incorporating it directly into Russia. Alexander was proposing additional parliamentary reforms to counter the rise of nascent revolutionary and anarchistic movements when he was assassinated in 1881. The item "Russia 5 Gold Roubles Saint Petersburg Mint KM-YB 26, 1876-SPB NGC MS 61" is in sale since Friday, May 29, 2020. This item is in the category "Coins & Paper Money\Coins\ World\Europe\Russia\Empire (up to 1917)". The seller is "redoubt_numismatics" and is located in San Antonio, Texas. This item can be shipped worldwide.